fascism

n. 法西斯主义；极端国家主义

中文词源

fascism 法西斯主义

来自意大利语fascio, 绑，集中，意大利法西斯分子墨索里尼借用该词来命名其新组建的政党，同时，该词也使人联想到古罗马的束棒(fasces)，一种集权的象征。

fascism (n.): 1922, originally used in English in 1920 in its Italian form fascismo (see fascist). Applied to similar groups in Germany from 1923; applied to everyone since the Internet.
A form of political behavior marked by obsessive preoccupation with community decline, humiliation or victimhood and by compensatory cults of unity, energy and purity, in which a mass-based party of committed nationalist militants, working in uneasy but effective collaboration with traditional elites, abandons democratic liberties and pursues with redemptive violence and without ethical or legal restraints goals of internal cleansing and external expansion. [Robert O. Paxton, "The Anatomy of Fascism," 2004]

2. The uneasy coupling of fascism and conservatism spawned a new kind of political regime.: 法西斯主义和保守主义这种令人不安的结合产生了一种新政权。

3. The spectre of neo-fascism, as he put it, was stalking the streets of Sofia and other big cities.: 用他的话来说，新法西斯主义的幽灵正在索非亚和其他大城市中游荡。