niggardly

adj. 小气的；很少量的

adv. 小气地；很少量地

中文词源

niggardly 吝啬的，小气的

词源不详，可能来自挪威方言nigla,忙于琐事的，词源同niggle,-ard,人，含贬义。可能与nugatory有词源联系。俗词源认为该词来自nigger,但被多数词源学家否定。

niggardly (adj.): 1560s, from niggard + -ly (1).
It was while giving a speech in Washington, to a very international audience, about the British theft of the Elgin marbles from the Parthenon. I described the attitude of the current British authorities as "niggardly." Nobody said anything, but I privately resolved -- having felt the word hanging in the air a bit -- to say "parsimonious" from then on. [Christopher Hitchens, "The Pernicious Effects of Banning Words," Slate.com, Dec. 4, 2006]
As an adverb from 1520s. Related: Niggardliness.