quark

英式英标[kwɑrk]
美式音标[kwɑːk; kwɔːk]

n. [高能][天] 夸克（理论上一种比原子更小的基本粒子）

中文词源

quark 夸克

夸克是一种基本粒子，为构成物质的基本单元。两个上夸克和一个下夸克组成一个质子，两个下夸克和一个上夸克组成一个中子。quark原为一种喜欢上上下下蹦跳的海鸟，为拟声构词，模仿这种海鸟的叫声。发现该物理粒子的美国科学家Murray Gell-Mann希望为其取一个朗朗上口的名字，避免落入俗套（科学界流行从希腊和拉丁语中找词来命名科学术语）。后来在一本小说的打油诗中找到一名”Three quarks for Muster Mark”,向麦克老人三呼夸克。这个词听起来既有穿透力，又较好的契合了这种物质的基本属性，因此以此命名。

英文词源

quark: quark: [20] The term quark was applied to a type of fundamental particle by its discoverer, the American physicist Murray Gell-Mann. He seems first to have used quork, but then he remembered quark, a nonsense word used by James Joyce in Finnegan’s Wake 1939, and he decided to plump for that. It first appeared in print in 1964.
quark (n.): 1964, applied by U.S. physicist Murray Gell-Mann (b.1929), who said in correspondence with the editors of the OED in 1978 that he took it from a word in James Joyce's "Finnegans Wake" (1939), but also that the sound of the word was in his head before he encountered the printed form in Joyce. German Quark "curds, rubbish" has been proposed as the ultimate inspiration [Barnhart; Gell-Mann's parents were immigrants from Austria-Hungary]. George Zweig, Gell-Mann's co-proposer of the theory, is said to have preferred the name ace for them.

实用例句

1. Desktop color separation ( DCs ) would be for the Quark companies used to set color ( process color ).: 桌面分色 ( DCS ) 就是由Quark公司开发的,用于套印色 ( processcolor ) 处理.

2. When a neutrino transforms a quark, a lepton is emitted.: 当中微子使一种夸克转化为另一种夸克时,会发射出一个轻子.

3. Superpotent atom smashers will undertake the quark quest in the 1980 s.: 超高效的粒子加速器将于80年代投入夸克探索的工作之中.

4. Quark confinement demonstrates the equivalence of mass and energy discovered by Einstein.: 夸克的产生被爱因斯坦证明了质量与能量的守恒.

5. There are six distinct flavors of quark.: 有六种不同的夸克.

quark

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